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Channel: Genetics – Online Biology Notes
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Physical behaviour of chromosomes during meiosis

Chromosomes during meiosis: Meiosis division occurs during gametogenesis in higher organism (eukaryotic cells).  The events of meiosis of a cell includes duplication of chromosomes which is followed...

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Genetic Linkage-Introduction, types, and chromosomal theory of linkage

Introduction: All the situations and examples discussed with inheritance of character according to Mendel’s law are inheritance of genes situated on different chromosomes.Cytological study have...

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Transposable elements: characteristics and mechanisms of transposition

Transposable elements are the specific sequence of DNA which is mobile in nature and have capacity to transport from one position to another position in the chromosome by themselves. Therefore, they...

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Transposable elements in Prokaryotes (Bacteria)

There are two main type of transposable elements in bacteria having different size and structure. They are; Insertion sequences (IS elements)Prokaryotic Transposons (Tn): Composite and non-composite...

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Transposable elements in eukaryotes

There are many different types of transposons in eukaryotes which vary in size, structure, composition and behavior. All the eukaryotic transposons have basic characteristics such as- having terminal...

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Mechanism of induced mutation: base analogs, base alteration, intercalation,...

Induced mutation Induced mutations are induced by known factor- such as-physical (ionizing irradiation, ultraviolet light), chemical and biological mutagens (bacteria and viruses). Mechanism of...

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Molecular markers-types and applications

Molecular marker: Molecular marker is identified as genetic marker.Molecular marker is a DNA or gene sequence within a recognized location on a chromosome which is used as identification tool.In the...

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Chromatin structure, composition and packaging

Chromatin: Eukaryotic chromosomes are located within a separate cellular compartment termed as nucleus.The length of DNA must be compacted by a remarkable amount in order to fit it inside nucleus.The...

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Genetic variation as a cause of evolution

What is genetic variation? A representation of the genetic differences that occur within a population is termed as genetic variation.The genetic variation of whole the species is usually termed as...

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Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Hardy-Weinberg principle of equilibrium: The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium states that both the allele frequencies and the genotype frequencies are constant from generation to generation in a large...

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